Firebrand waves of digital activism 1994-2014 : the rise and spread of hacktivism and cyberconflict /

Firebrand Waves of Digital Activism 1994-2014 introduces four waves of upsurge in digital activism and cyberconflict. The rise of digital activism started in 1994, was transformed by the events of 9/11, culminated in 2011 with the Arab Spring uprisings, and entered a transformative phase of control...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Karatzogianni, Athina, (Author)
Format: Book
Language:English
Published: Houndmills, Basingstoke Hampshire ; New York, NY : Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.
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100 1 |a Karatzogianni, Athina,  |e author. 
245 1 0 |a Firebrand waves of digital activism 1994-2014 :  |b the rise and spread of hacktivism and cyberconflict /  |c Athina Karatzogianni. 
264 1 |a Houndmills, Basingstoke Hampshire ;  |a New York, NY :  |b Palgrave Macmillan,  |c 2015. 
264 4 |c ©2015 
300 |a vii, 172 pages ;  |c 23 cm 
336 |a text  |2 rdacontent 
337 |a unmediated  |2 rdamedia 
338 |a volume  |2 rdacarrier 
504 |a Includes bibliographical references and index. 
520 |a Firebrand Waves of Digital Activism 1994-2014 introduces four waves of upsurge in digital activism and cyberconflict. The rise of digital activism started in 1994, was transformed by the events of 9/11, culminated in 2011 with the Arab Spring uprisings, and entered a transformative phase of control and mainstreaming since 2013 with the Snowden affair. The book's argument is that digital activism is entering a phase of mainstreaming as 'politics as usual': an established element in the fabric of political life with no exceptional qualities, normalized and mainstreamed by governments through collaboration with corporations and the cooptation of NGOs. Cyberconflict will revolve more around high-level information warfare of attacking infrastructure, rather than just using ICTs to mobilise or as a weapon for low-level societal and largely symbolic attacks. The book goes on to elaborate on how the higher level character of conflict in digital networks will intensify to the extent that digital activism and cyberconflict of the last two decades shall pale by comparison. 
505 0 |a Introduction: Four Phases of Digital Activism and Cyberconflict -- 1. The Rise of Digital Activism (1994-2007) -- 2. The Spread of Digital Activism (2007-2010) -- 3. The Fourth Phase: 2010-2014 Digital Activism Invades Mainstream Politics -- 4. The Future of Digital Activism and Its Study. 
650 0 |a Internet  |x Political aspects. 
650 0 |a Cyberspace  |x Political aspects. 
650 0 |a Hackers. 
650 0 |a Political activists. 
650 0 |a Political participation  |x Technological innovations. 
650 7 |a SOCIAL SCIENCE / General  |2 bisacsh 
899 |a 415_565359 
988 |a 20151006 
906 |0 DLC