Multi-component filters for domestic graywater treatment in village houses
The majority of village houses in Malaysia generate graywater— from kitchens, bathrooms, sinks, and laundry—that is discharged directly into rivers or main drains without any treatment. These practices have a critical impact on humans and the environment. Therefore, this pilot-scale study aimed to d...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
American Water Works Association
2016
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/8482/ |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Summary: | The majority of village houses in Malaysia generate graywater—
from kitchens, bathrooms, sinks, and laundry—that is discharged
directly into rivers or main drains without any treatment. These
practices have a critical impact on humans and the environment.
Therefore, this pilot-scale study aimed to design a natural
filtration system that consists of clamshells, steel slag, limestone,
and sand media for treatment of graywater. The filtration system
was designed with 24 L of capacity and fixed at the discharge
point of graywater in village houses. The filtration system
exhibited high efficiency for treatment of household graywater,
with 87.7% of removal for biochemical oxygen demand, 74.0%
for chemical oxygen demand, 96.2% for total suspended solids,
and 98% for turbidity with a pH of 7.87. The filtrated graywater
met the limits required by Malaysia’s 1974 Environmental
Quality Act, 2009 regulations, Standard A, for disposal upstream
of drains. |
|---|